![]() ![]() In addition to scriptural commentaries, premodern Islamic scholars authored other works devoted to the Qurʾān. The Sufi tradition, often glossed as the Islamic equivalent of mysticism, also produced works of Qurʾānic exegesis, which focus on the interior spiritual sense of scriptural verses. Other important commentaries were penned by al-Zamakhsharī (died 1144), whose work is famous for its interest in the Qurʾān’s rhetorical features, and by Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī (died 1210), one of the most prominent theologians of medieval Islam. The monumental commentary of al-Ṭabarī (died 923) compiles interpretive pronouncements that are attributed to even earlier exegetes, most of whom flourished during the last decades of the 7th century and the beginning of the 8th. QURAN TEXTUAL CRITICISM FULLThe earliest full commentary on the entire Qurʾān, that ascribed to Muqātil ibn Sulaymān (died 767?), dates to the 8th century. Third, such Islamic commentaries on the Qurʾān generally juxtapose and weigh alternative construals of a given verse, thereby acknowledging that many scriptural passages have more than one plausible interpretation. A second characteristic of much premodern Islamic exegesis is its tendency, already remarked upon above, to connect many verses and verse clusters with extra-scriptural accounts of events in the life of Muhammad. Of particular importance were the fields of Arabic grammar, lexicography, and rhetoric, giving many Qurʾānic commentaries from the 9th century onward a distinctly philological quality. Premodern Islamic commentaries on the Qurʾān examine the text of scripture in the light of the full panoply of scholarly disciplines that characterize medieval Islamic culture. This section will limit itself to Qurʾānic exegesis in the first and narrow sense. Second, Qurʾānic verses and their interpretation also feature in other literary genres, such as legal and theological treatises, whose authors will often justify their claims by recourse to proof texts from scripture. Such a work is referred to as a tafsīr, which is also the word for the activity of scriptural interpretation as such. There is, first, Qurʾānic exegesis in the narrow sense, consisting of dedicated commentaries that treat the text of scripture in its canonical order, either verse by verse or section by section. The Islamic tradition has produced a rich and sophisticated exegetical literature. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians. QURAN TEXTUAL CRITICISM HOW TOCOVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history.#WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions.Britannica Explains In these videos, Britannica explains a variety of topics and answers frequently asked questions.Britannica Classics Check out these retro videos from Encyclopedia Britannica’s archives.Best Sellers: Books for The Emotional Lives 8-10 Years oldĪbout CEO: Alasad Online Quran Tutor Updates: Keep touch & Remain Active Alasad Online Quran Mualim All Categories (Islamic Books, The Holt Quran, Modern Science, Curriculum) etc.Best Sellers: Books for School-Age Children 7-9 Years old.Best Sellers: Books for Middle Childhood 6-8 Years old.Best Sellers: Books for Young Children 5-7 Years old.Best Sellers: Books for School Starters 4-6 Years.Best Sellers: Books for Pre School-3-5 Years old. ![]()
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